ISSA Nutritionist Practice Exam

Which of the following statements is true regarding trans fats?

1. They are essential in a balanced diet

2. They should be limited or avoided in diets

3. They have no impact on heart health

4. They are found only in processed foods

The correct answer is: They should be limited or avoided in diets

Trans fats should be limited or avoided in diets due to their adverse effects on health, particularly regarding cardiovascular health. Trans fats are known to increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, while simultaneously decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or "good" cholesterol. This imbalance can lead to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. Additionally, research has shown that the consumption of trans fats is linked to systemic inflammation and other metabolic issues. For these reasons, many health organizations, including the American Heart Association and the World Health Organization, recommend minimizing trans fat intake as much as possible. Though trans fats are primarily found in processed foods, it is important to understand that they can also be present in some naturally occurring sources, albeit in much smaller amounts. Therefore, the assertion that they should be limited or avoided is consistent with the prevailing guidelines in nutrition and health, emphasizing the need for a diet that supports overall well-being.